Master of Business Administration (MBA)

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The effect of the principals’ leadership style on the performance of selected schools of South-Center Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, Cameroun
(Adventist University of Africa, 2022-12) Benimana, Mediatrice
The purpose of this research was to assess the effect of leadership styles adopted by primary and secondary school principals on the performance of these schools at the South-Center Conference of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church, Cameroun. Four leadership styles were analyzed: democratic, autocratic, laissez-faire, and transformational. The study adopted a quantitative causal design to analyze the extent to which principals' leadership styles affect school performance and how school climate plays a role in mediating the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The total population was 202 individuals, comprising 85 primary school teachers and 117 secondary school teachers working at 14 different schools in the conference. The sample for the investigation comprised six schools, three of which had a primary and secondary section, three had only a primary section, and 153 teachers were selected to participate in the study. The study found that among the four principals’ leadership styles, the autocratic style affected the schools' performance, with R2 of 5.2%, F(1, 150) = 9.28, p-value = 0.003). Further, the findings show that transformational style also had an effect on the school’s performance with R2 =3.1%, F(1, 150) =5.93, p-value =0.02. It was also found that school climate mediates the relationship between autocratic styles and school performance. It is recommended that principals be conscious of the effectiveness of their roles and leadership styles. It was also recommended that regular training be done for the principals so that they can discover their leading style, with its weaknesses and strengths, and learn to practice other styles in order to be more effective in their duties. In addition, principals should encourage a positive school climate to enhance their performance.
The quality of financial reports and its correlation with decision-making effectiveness in selected fields of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, South Sudan
(Adventist University of Africa, 2022-12) Kubach Giel Gatluak Jok
This study focused on the challenges of receiving timely and accurate financial reports (regarding the tithes and offerings) in the three Fields of the South Sudan Attached Territory of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. It was observed that several local churches were not sending their reports within the time specified for reporting. It was also observed that the reports were sometimes inaccurate; the figures for tithes and offerings did not match the amount reported. Such a situation implies that false financial reports could potentially affect the decision-making effectiveness of the executive boards in those Fields. However, the situation has never been empirically analyzed, nor have the causes for the delay and accuracy been determined. Hence, the purpose of the study was to empirically assess the quality – timeliness, and accuracy – of financial reports and the causes for the delay and inaccuracy in the financial reports. Further, the relationship between timeliness, accuracy, and decision-making effectiveness was also analyzed. The study used a quantitative cross-sectional design. The instrument was a self-designed questionnaire administered to the 57 board members of the three fields. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics. The findings revealed that the financial reports were generally submitted on time and were accurate. But there was room for improvement in both areas. The causes for the delay in submitting the reports were the distance between the local churches and the headquarters; the vastness of the districts that also have many churches; poor communication; and a lack of training of the local treasurers. The study also revealed that reports were inaccurate due to a lack of training for local church treasurers, information systems (equipment and tools), and proper records in the local churches. The study confirmed a correlation between quality measured by the timeliness and accuracy of reports and decision-making effectiveness. This finding implies that the board members risk making less effective decisions regarding financial matters because of the low quality of financial information. A strategy was proposed to help the administration of the fields solve four major issues highlighted in the findings. In particular, the issues concerned the distance between the churches, the reorganization of the districts, communication between the local churches and the higher organization, and the awareness of the importance of quality reports by all the stakeholders. The recommendations based on the findings were addressed to the administrators of the fields to provide means of transportation for the district pastors and local church leaders to facilitate reporting on time; to give envelopes, receipt books, and journal books for proper documentation; to reorganize the districts for better management, and to provide accounting software (like Quickbooks) to local churches. Last, there should be training for pastors and local church officers on financial reporting. The recommendations to the local pastors were to select the finance personnel in the local churches carefully, to liaise with the administration so that regular training happens for the church treasurers; to oversee the performance of the local church finance team to ensure that proper reporting is done.
Effects of Customer Relationship Management on the Performance of Selected Commercial Banks in Southern Malawi: An Employee Perspective
(Adventist University of Africa, 2022-10) Majawa, Esmie Chiwanda
The performance of business is a critical aspect of its continued existence in the competitive environment. Customer relationship management is one of the ingredients for enhancing performance in the banking industry and other sectors. The concept of customer relationship management (from a dimensional point of view) entails four dimensions: customer knowledge, customer orientation, complaint resolution, and customer empowerment. This paper aimed at investigating the relationship between customer relationship management and performance as measured by the four dimensions. After establishing the existence of the relationship, this information will help the bank managers and employees to take customer relationship management as a strategy for success. A cross-section causal study was used to enable the researcher to investigate the relationship between the variables in this study. The problem statement arises from the realization that banks in Malawi appear not to be in the best of terms with their customers. Considering the competitive environment in which the banks operate, there is a need for improvement in terms of managing customer relationships. The study was conducted in the southern region of Malawi. It involved all the commercial banks in the area. The study population consisted of all front line employees that had direct contact with customers in their daily duties. A sample was drawn from the population using the simple random sampling method. The instrument for data collection comprised a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, and was tested for validity and reliability. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Descriptive analysis using the means, standard deviations, and averages were used to describe the demographic variables as well as measure the extent to which the customer relationship management components were being practiced. Furthermore, Pearson correlations and regression analysis investigated the relationship between the variables. Pearson correlations results showed that complaint resolution (r = .53, p<.05), customer empowerment (r = .50, p<.05), and customer knowledge (r = .52, p<.05) have a strong positive significant relationship with performance. Customer orientation presented the weakest relationship with performance (r = 0.38, p>.05). The regression analysis showed various findings that explained the relationship between the variables. The ANOVA results presented an F static of 21.640 and a p-value below 0.05 indicated a significant relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The standardized coefficient (Beta) for the independent variables: complaint resolution (β = .260, t = 2.93, p < 0.05), customer empowerment (β = .268, t = 3.19, p < 0.05), and customer knowledge (β = .294, t = 3.48, p < 0.05) shows that the three independent variables have a significant effect on performance, with customer knowledge showing a slightly higher effect than the two others. Customer orientation has the lowest standardized coefficient (Beta) of .14, t = 1.67 and was not statistically significant p>0.005. This indicates that customer orientation has no significant effect on performance. Since the findings indicated a p-value below the threshold of 0.05 for three independent variables (complaint resolution, customer empowerment, and customer knowledge), the null hypothesis was rejected at a 95% confidence interval. In this case, there is a significant relationship between customer relationship management and bank performance as measured by complaint resolution, customer empowerment, and customer knowledge. The other independent variable (customer orientation) had a p-value above 0.05; therefore, the null hypothesis for this aspect of customer relationship was accepted at a confidence interval of 95%. Therefore, there is no significant relationship between customer relationship management and bank performance in the case of customer orientation. The study recommends that managers of banks and other institutions should make use of customer relationship management as means of improving the organization’s performance. Customer knowledge management has to improve. The banks can achieve this by encouraging customers to give feedback. Knowledge for, about, and from the customer should be well-managed in the daily operations of the banks. Employees and managers of the banks have a role to play in ensuring that customer complaints are resolved timely and efficiently. Customers should be allowed to give suggestions for better service delivery, so that the customers feel empowered and co-create solutions to benefit both themselves and the organization. Employees are key players in enforcing good relationships with the customers. Employees should undergo the required training and necessary tools should be available for them to be effective in their roles. Bank managers can maximize bank performance by providing attractive deposit offerings to customers to increase deposit mobilization. Furthermore, by learning more from the customers, the banks’ innovation capabilities can be improved.
Strategies for Financial Self-Sustainability: The Case of Cameroon Union Mission
(Adventist University of Africa, 2017-05) Bone, Jean Jean
The attainment of financial self-sustainability is the essential goal of any organization, including faith based organizations. The main purpose of this study was to set up strategies for financial self-sustainability of Cameroon Union Mission of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. The study employed a cross-sectional survey research design. The target population comprised executive committee members, financial committee members, church administrators and key church members. The sample was the same with the target population and consisted of two hundred and thirty participants (N=230). Out of the 230 participants, only 160 effectively responded, that to say 87 church workers and 73 key church members. The research instruments were a questionnaire and a self-administered interview guide for key church members. The research findings were analyzed and presented using means and percentages. The analysis of the five last audited financial ratios revealed that the selected organization did not yet attain the level of financial self-sustainability. Findings revealed also that some fundamentals documents and policies such as the employees’ manual, the internal control document and the performance appraisal document did not exist in the organization with respectively a mean of 1.21, 1.30, and 1.49, whereas the capitalization policy, the code of conduct and ethics, the audit committee, the procurement committee and the investment policy seldom existed with respectively a mean of 2.36; 2.29; 2.28; 2.08 and 2.03. Respondents revealed also that misuse of church funds, corruption of church leaders, weak tithe promotion programs, lack of trust in church leaders, the unfaithfulness of church members, ineffective oversight responsibilities of the committee, the lack of financial planning, the low income of church members and the dependency spirit were equally major threats to financial self-sustainability. They suggested that to overcome these challenges, pooling funds together, diversification of income stream, appointing trustworthy leaders and staff, appointing qualified treasury staff, emphasis on the stewardship programs and sound financial administration were equally important solutions. Based on the findings, the study recommends some strategies for financial self-sustainability of the Cameroon Union Mission.
Assessing the Effectiveness of SunPlus Usage within the Two Union Conferences of Seventh-day Adventists in Ghana
(Adventist University of Africa, 2017-05) Boakye, Seth
Accounting Information Systems, as we know them today have passed through one evolution to another. Organizations can’t compete effectively if their information technology systems don’t have the power or flexibility to perform essential functions. Information technology is being recommended to the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Ghana to link the church and its activity for the purpose of creating a synergy that will lead to a high performance in all its activities and financial contribution. Infor SunSystems is a powerful financial accounting software that streamlines an organization’s financial processes. Sunplus, a subset of SunSystems and the project of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, was introduced in Ghana in 2006 to boost the financial systems of Conferences, Schools, Hospitals, and other related institutions of the church. However, no one has examined the effectiveness and value of SunPlus through an empirical study. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine effectiveness of SunPlus usage in the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Ghana and possibly recommend how to further improve the system. The study was descriptive research that used a survey, interviews and questionnaires administered to respondents. The study found that the use of SunSystems has been effective with some few challenges. Respondents also suggested possible ways of improving the system for better use in the future. In view of the findings, the researcher recommended that constant training, seminars, workshops, Yammer, more IT personnel, and internet services should be provided for users to enhance their work.
Website for services in faith based academic libraries in Kenya: case study of a private Christian University Library
(Adventist University of Africa, 2023) Odhiambo, Elizabeth Atieno
Patrons have overlooked academic library websites as a source of information access. There were gaps in meeting user needs in the digital era as librarians lacked the necessary skills needed for offering service through the website. This research aimed to describe how websites are used for services in faith-based academic libraries in Kenya with reference to a Private Christian University Library. There were six research questions to address the problem. These were: (1) What content is available on the website of the academic library? (2) How is the academic library using the website for service delivery? (3) How are students utilizing the website to access the library’s services offered by the academic library? (4) What lived experiences have students and librarians had with the website of the academic library? (5) How does the academic library market its services through the website? And (6) What strategies can be used to improve service delivery through the website of the academic library? The qualitative research approach was used to determine the answers to the research questions. The study used the descriptive case study research design. The context of this research was an academic library of a private Christian institution in Kenya. Purposive sampling method was used for this qualitative study. Nine students and two librarians were interviewed. A content analysis checklist was used to collect data from the website. Trustworthiness was increased by considering credibility, confirmability, dependability, consistency, transferability, and utilization of the data. Six themes emerged from the study. The themes were (1) library content, (2) information services, (3) access to information, (4) lived experiences, (5) marketing the library, and (6) excellence in service delivery. The academic library used the website to display library information and to provide access to information resources. The students only knew about the OPAC and the library databases that was accessible through the MyLOFT software. The librarians did not evaluate the effectiveness of the website in offering library services. There was no marketing plan for the library.
Accounting and Financial Management Internal Control and Application Plan in Selected NGOs in Lomé, Togo
(Adventist University of Africa, 2017-06) Kokou Bagna
The revelation of enormous financial scandals about firms, charities organizations or NGOs (Non-Government Organizations), including issues such as fraud, were related to accounting and financial management internal control. This research paper sought to access the accounting and financial internal control and their application in selected NGOs in Lomé, Togo. The study was guided by the following questions: what are the principles underlying effective internal controls system that are practiced in the selected NGOs? What challenges are selected NGOs confronted with when applying effective internal controls in the operations? What steps are needed to build effective internal control in selected NGOs in Togo? The quantitative descriptive study method was used to collect and analyze data. Self administrated questionnaire was the main instrument for collecting primary data. Questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages. The major findings of this study revealed that a majority (71%) of respondents did not have an accounting and financial manual. The findings revealed challenges and the results of this study suggested that following steps such as monitoring, self auditing and periodical review of accounting manuals may help to build an effective accounting and financial internal control.
A study on the internal control systems of Kwadaso Seventh-day Adventist hospital
(Adventist University of Africa, 2017-10) Afriyie, Emmanuel Owusu
Internal control system is a topical issue following fraudulent financial reporting and accounting scandals. A proactive preventive approach to the problem requires a critical evaluation of existing internal control structures in organizations. The study sought to study the control systems of Kwadaso Seventh-day Adventist Hospital with the objective of measuring the adequacy of such controls in preventing fraud and unintentional mistakes and also to assess the commitment of management to ensure that those controls work effectively. A sample of one hundred (100) respondents was chosen. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires, interviewing and interaction with management of the institution and official documents based on availability and accessibility. The data obtained were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. The findings revealed that internal controls exist in the Hospital through code of conducts, policies and procedures and segregation of duties. It was also shows that the controls are adequate in preventing and detecting fraud and that the management are committed to ensuring that the internal controls work effectively and have put in place mechanisms for mitigation of critical risk that may result from fraud. However, the controls should be reviewed on regular basis to match with the dynamics of the environment.
Assessing internal control effectiveness in selected organizations in the Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division of the Seventh-day Adventist Church
(Adventist University of Africa, 2023-10) Tsiriniaina Rakotonirina Andrianarimanana
The present research centered on an exhaustive evaluation of internal controls within specific entities affiliated with the Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. The primary objective was to pinpoint areas needing improvement, thereby ensuring alignment with the foundational mission and objectives of the affiliated institutions. Grounded in the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) framework, this study covered the key domains of Control Environment, Risk Assessment, Control Activities, Information and Communication, Monitoring Activities, and the integral aspect of Frequency of Control. The methodology employed was quantitative, relying on an adapted questionnaire for data collection. This instrument was informed by the COSO (2013) framework and was adapted from the "ICE Control Environment Questionnaire". Data were collected from fifteen selected entities, namely the Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division, the SIDMEDIA institution, twelve unions, and one attached field. A diverse group of 136 participants, spanning roles from officers to finance secretaries, provided valuable insights. While 'Table 20' offers a range of actionable strategies, the study emphasizes the recommended measures to enhance the efficiency of internal controls. Key recommendations include the establishment of robust reporting systems, the creation of specialized training modules, and a revisiting and potential revamping of prevailing policies. This research underscores the paramount importance of robust internal controls, highlighting their role in bolstering transparency, fostering accountability, and elevating overall organizational efficiency within religious institutions.
Factors contributing to financial preparedness for retirement among manufacturing industry employees in Blantyre, Malawi
(Adventist University of Africa, 2024-05) Bonongwe Tonny
Financial preparedness for retirement has garnered significant attention in an era marked by increasing life expectancies and shifting economic landscapes. Retirement, once viewed as a period of leisure and relaxation, now necessitates careful financial planning to ensure a secure and comfortable lifestyle in later years. With the decline of traditional pension systems and the rise of self-directed retirement accounts, more employees leave the workplace without properly preparing financially for their retirement (Muhome, 2023). Against this backdrop, this thesis sought to investigate why Malawi employees do not have enough savings for retirement by looking at contributing factors, which are financial literacy, attitude toward retirement, demographic characteristics, and cultural and societal influences in relation to financial retirement preparedness for employees in the manufacturing industry in Blantyre, Malawi. The study used a quantitative cross-sectional causal research design, collecting data from 458 participants in the selected manufacturing firms in Chirimba and Makata industrial areas. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression and correlation analyses. The study discovered a moderate positive significant relationship between financial preparedness for retirement and financial literacy (r = 0.629, p = <0.001), cultural and social influence (r= .51; p<.001) and attitude toward retirement (r = 47; p = < .001) among respondents respectively. Additionally, the study found that there are differences among the different age groups (χ2(4) = 3.49, p = 0.480) and gender (χ2(1) = 2.78, p = 0.095) when it comes to financial retirement preparation. The study also discovered that financial literacy (39.6%), attitude toward retirement (22.3%), and cultural and social influences (26.3%) significantly predict financial preparedness for retirement (p = < .001). These predictors when combined, account for 46% (p = < .001) of financial preparedness for retirement among employees. Lastly, using attitude toward retirement as a mediator showed significant mediating effects on direct and indirect relationships between financial literacy (p<.001), cultural and social influences (p<.001) respectively and financial preparedness for retirement. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the factors that contribute to financial preparedness for retirement among employees in the manufacturing industry in Blantyre, Malawi. The study’s findings can inform targeted interventions and policies to enhance employees’ financial preparedness for retirement in the sector.
The effect of working capital management on the profitability of selected manufacturing firms listed on the Ghana stock exchange between 2016 to 2021
(Adventist University of Africa, 2024-05) Owusu-Ansah Philip
Working capital management (WCM) is a crucial component of financial analysis in organizations. This study investigates how working capital management (measured by accounts receivable management, account payable management, inventory management and cash management) impacts the profitability of industrial enterprises listed in Ghana. Several studies have been conducted in this country regarding the effect of working capital on profitability, and the findings point to different conclusions. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct more studies to obtain a clearer understanding of this situation. This study utilized a quantitative causal research design, focusing on a balanced panel of 15 Ghanaian manufacturing firms listed on the Ghanaian Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2021. The findings of the study show that accounts payable management, accounts receivable management, and inventory management have higher means than cash management. ROA has a negative mean of 0.35%. Further, the results show a significant and positive relationship between the following working capital management elements: accounts payable management, inventory management, and cash conversion cycle on one hand, and return on assets on the other hand. However, account receivable management and return on assets were not significantly correlated. Regression analysis showed that working capital management had a significant effect on ROA, with an r2 of 36.5%. Further, the findings indicate that firms’ years of existence do not seem to moderate the relationship between working capital management and profitability. The recommendations focused on boosting profitability through the effective management of working capital to reduce short-term borrowing.
The effect of budgeting and budgetary control practices on the liquidity levels of the Seventh-day Adventist Missions in Angola
(Adventist University of Africa, 2023-12) Joaquim Nzage Gonçalves Manuel
The budget defines the financial plan of the organization quantitatively during a specific period. Effective Budgeting practices are the processes of creating and implementing a budget according to the policy, within the appropriate process, and with the participation of top- and lower-level managers within an organization. Effective budgetary control practices are the processes of evaluating an organization´s budget by preventing errors from occurring and detecting them after the errors have occurred, always respecting the rules. Budgeting and budgetary control practices are instrumental in improving financial performance in an organizational setting. Non-profit organizations have a particular interest in improving income, and reducing expenses so that the liquidity can carry on their short-term operations. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of budgeting and budgetary control practices on the liquidity levels of Seventh-day Adventist missions in Angola. The study was conducted in four Seventh - day Adventist missions in two Seventh-day Adventist unions in Angola. These missions experienced the problem of decreasing liquidity. This study used a causal research design. The study population comprised all committee members and accountants, who usually deal directly with budgeting and budgetary control. The instrument used for its data collection was a questionnaire that was tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The findings indicate that budgeting and budgetary controls are effectively practiced in Angle’s Seventh-day Adventist missions. However, there are areas that require improvement to enhance liquidity levels. The liquidity levels are very low in such a way that they are a source of concern. The regression analysis shows that a p-value less than 0.05 for budgeting practices and budgetary control practices impacts on liquidity levels; however, only 12% of budgeting practices and 6% of budgetary control practices explain the level of liquidity. The study shows coefficient B= 1.198 and unstandardized coefficient B= 0.458, for the effect of budgeting practices on liquidity levels, and B= 1.427 and unstandardized coefficient B= 0.351 for the effect of budgetary control practices on liquidity levels. It was recommended that improvement of the utility of budgeting and budgetary control in the organization was needed: the participation of departmental directors in the budgeting making process be enhanced; and to board members be trained on issues related to budget and financial statements.
Predictive factors influencing employee retention at Botswana Union Conference of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Botswana
(Adventist University of Africa, 2024-05) Kgomotso Bogadi Chenset
Retaining employees is critical to the success of the business. The goal of this study was to look into the predictive factors influencing employee retention at the Botswana Union Conference of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church in Botswana. 68 workers who are both permanent and eligible for pensions, as well as all pastors and support personnel with three years or more of service were the participants. Workers with contracts and who have been working for fewer than three years of experience were excluded from the study. Extrinsic and intrinsic factors were found to be the two factors of influence. A quantitative causal study design was employed. A partially adopted questionnaire was used to gather the information. Likert scale evaluations with a five (5) point range were utilized in this study. The findings showed that there is a significant impact of both the extrinsic (Financial Benefits, Leadership, Working Environment), with an adjusted r-square of .096, and intrinsic factors, with an adjusted r-square of .238 (Internalization of Organizational Values & Beliefs, Faith Factor, Sense of Security, Contentment with the Job, Organizational Commitment) on employee retention. However, extrinsic factors were found to have less weight than intrinsic ones. Among the extrinsic factors, the areas of strength were the financial benefits and good working environment while the weakness was leadership. Continuance and normative commitment were the weakest among the intrinsic factors. Among the intrinsic factors, the areas of strength were the Faith factor and affective commitment. Based on the findings it was recommended that the BUC and local Conference leaders must improve on the financial benefits, leadership, and good working environment to effectively retain their personnel. Being faith-based institutions, it is advised that the organization encourage the employees to put their faith into practice in the workplace to follow their calling and know that they are God’s stewards wherever they are found.
Institutional mission effectiveness on employees’ commitment in the Central African Union Mission of the Seventh-day Adventist Church
(Adventist University of Africa, 2022-12) Guy Germain Mihindou Kanda
The drafting and adoption of a mission statement by both for-profit and not-for-profit organizations have become widespread in the corporate world. An effective mission statement is crucial to driving the organization’s goal and is a motivational tool to bring about employees’ commitment within an organization. Nevertheless, the institutional mission is often adopted but then forgotten by both managers and personnel. Consequently, the individuals within the organizations know very little about the mission statement and how it can affect employees’ commitment. More so, in the context of faith-based institutions, there is a dearth of research focusing on the effectiveness and impact of mission statements on employees. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of institutional mission statement effectiveness in light of its relevance, quality, and management’s ability to communicate the mission statement to employees within the Central African Union Mission of Seventh –day Adventist church. The present study also determined the relationship between institutional mission statements and employee commitment. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data from 77 respondents. The study revealed a significant relationship between institutional mission statement relevance, quality communication, and employees’ commitment. The findings show that the mission statement is relevant (mean = 3.57; SD = .49) and of high quality (mean = 3.18; SD = .53). However, the respondents also indicated that the mission statement is not communicated as fully as it should to the stakeholders (mean = 2.89; SD = .52). The finding show that the employees have a high level of commitment to their organization with a mean of 3.36 and a standard deviation of 0.50. Pearson correlation analysis was performed and the result indicated a moderate but significant correlation between relevance and commitment (r=.45,p<0.01); quality and commitment (r=.49,p<0.01); communication and commitment (r=.47,p<0.01). The results from the regression analysis showed that relevance of the mission statement has an effect on employees’ commitment, with an adjusted R square = .20; F (1, 75) = 20.050, p < 0.05. The results also show that the quality of the mission statement has an effect on the employees’ commitment: adjusted R square is 0.235, F (1, 75) = 24.344, p < 0.05. Third, there is a statistically significant effect of communication of the mission statement on the employees’ commitment. The results show an adjusted R-square is 0.228, F (1, 75) = 22.163, p < 0.05. The findings were used as a basis to propose practical strategies to the Seventh-day Adventist church leaders in the Central African Union Mission on how to use the mission statement to promote employees’ commitment.
Effect of procurement practices of medicine and medical supplies on organizational performance: a case of Tenwek Hospital, Bomet, Kenya
(Adventist University of Africa, 2024-03) Bikiltu Kenna Degu
Procurement practices constitute a pivotal function crucial for shaping the performance of organizations, irrespective of their public or private nature. Despite this evidence, many hospitals in Kenya struggle with poor performance which they attribute to poor procurement practices that have been adopted by the hospitals as one of the main reasons. This study specifically examined the impact of procurement practices of medicine and medical supplies, on the organizational performance of Tenwek Hospital in Kenya. The evaluation of Tenwek Hospital's performance considered two dimensions: financial performance and the improved healthcare services. Once the relationship between procurement practices and organizational performance is established, this knowledge can guide hospital administrators to consider key elements of procurement practices, such as stakeholder engagement, procurement planning, and supplier management, as effective strategies for improving performance. This research employed a quantitative approach, specifically adopting a causal cross-sectional research design to explore the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The target population of this study were the workers in procurement department, finance department, and the health professionals of Tenwek hospital. To guarantee the inclusion of appropriate and representative participants in the study, the research employed a combination of purposive sampling and simple random sampling methods. The study's validity was confirmed by an overall Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient exceeding 0.7. A self-designed questionnaire was used as the data collection tool. Data for this research were collected at Tenwek Hospital, with a sample size of 240 respondents. A 100% response rate was achieved from the participants. The data analysis utilized descriptive statistics, which included calculating the means, standard deviations and averages to describe the demographic variables and to assess the extent to which the procurement practices were being implemented. Additionally, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between the variables. The Pearson correlation results demonstrated positive relationships between stakeholder engagement (r = 0.585, p < 0.005), procurement planning (r = 0.653, p < 0.005), and supplier management (r = 0.596, p < 0.005) with organizational financial performance. Similarly, positive correlations were found with organizational performance in improved healthcare services, including stakeholder engagement (r = 0.681, p < 0.005), procurement planning (r = 0.674, p < 0.005), and supplier management (r = 0.556, p < 0.005). The regression analysis provided significant insights into the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The adjusted R2 indicated that 45% and 49.8% of the variability in financial performance and improved healthcare services respectively can be explained by the three predictor variables. Moreover, the ANOVA results showed a p-value below 0.05, which confirmed a significant relationship between the three procurement practices, and both financial and improved healthcare services performance. Regarding financial performance, the standardized coefficients (Beta) for procurement planning (β = 0.394, t = 4.04, p < 0.05) and supplier management (β = 0.241, t = 3.35, p < 0.05) demonstrated significant effects, with procurement planning exerting a slightly stronger effect. However, stakeholders’ engagement (β = 0.097, t = 1.107) exhibited the lowest standardized coefficient and lacked statistical significance (p > 0.05). On the other side, concerning improved healthcare performance, stakeholders’ engagement (β = 0.379, t = 4.527, p < 0.05) and procurement planning (β = 0.289, t = 3.101, p < 0.05) showed significant effects, with stakeholders’ engagement having a slightly greater effect. In contrast, supplier management (β = 0.093, t = 1.353) had the lowest standardized coefficient and lacked statistical significance (p > 0.05), indicating no significant effect on improved healthcare services performance. The study recommends the following: (1) enhancing Tenwek Hospital's procurement practices by improving stakeholder engagement through consultative processes and structured communication; (2) refining procurement planning to balance timely acquisition and minimize service interruptions; (3) addressing stock outs through detailed analysis and supplier management by implementing a robust supplier selection and evaluation process; (4) and managing emergency orders with contingency plans. It is also recommended to enhance procurement planning and supplier management to improve financial performance, while emphasizing the significance of stakeholder engagement in improving healthcare service delivery.
A strategy to combat financial non-reporting of churches in Malawi Union: a case study of North Malawi Field
(Adventist University of Africa, School of Postgraduate Studies, 2018-04) Moyo, Moffat Braston
This case study was conducted to find strategies to combat financial non reporting in Malawi Union Conference. The result shows that financial non-reporting is a very serious issue that needs to be combated. The study targeted pastors, elders, church treasurers and Field officers and department directors in North Malawi Field. A sample size of 135 respondents from the selected churches using simple random sampling was to ensure that most churches in the church district are represented. The study used descriptive study design to capture the relevant issues in financial non-reporting of the local churches. The study revealed that a major reason for non-reporting is the fact that the local churches are far from each other. In addition, the distance between office/bank and the churches, the lack of commitment, training, motivation, follow-ups, mentoring, not aware of the dangers of non-reporting, illiteracy, lack of logistics are marginal causes of financial non-reporting in the local churches. Reasons attributed to non-reporting also include the absence of treasurers during the reporting period, low fund collection during the month, infrequent visitation of pastors to the churches and lack of feedback from the Field. Furthermore, the problems of financial non-reporting have resulting implications on the Field. The study revealed that income is not fairly stated, low wage factor and lack of transparency and accountability are the three top consequences of non-reporting. Besides, the three major suggestions to combat non reporting include training on how to preparing reports, more stewardship seminars and putting mechanisms to reduce distances. Based on the results, the researcher proposed strategies in order to minimize financial non-reporting. Furthermore, a list of recommendations has been proposed to address the issue of financial non-reporting.
A performance appraisal tool for Seventh-day Adventist church pastors in Côte d'Ivoire Conference
(Adventist University of Africa, School of Postgraduate Studies, 2018-04) Amon, Boa Innocent
The purpose of this study was to create a performance appraisal tool that will allow an efficient performance management of Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) pastors within the conference of Côte d’Ivoire. The basis for such a tool was the standards of performance set by the church policy as well as the level of expectations of the recipients of the pastoral ministry, i.e. church members, and the extent to which the expectations are being met. A questionnaire was administered to that effect. The analysis of the data revealed that the church members felt that the pastors were, in general, meeting their expectations. However, for two critical pastoral functions, there is a big gap between expectations and fulfillment of those expectations: training and visitations. The findings also indicated a need for the performance appraisal tool to be developed using two sections separately. The first section is a behaviorally anchored rating scales, where the various aspects of the pastoral duties are rated. The second section is a report of the outcomes, expressed in numbers, of visitations, training, and evangelism.
Impact of financial statements information on the decision-making effectiveness of selected entities in Liberia
(Adventist University of Africa, School of Postgraduate Studies, 2020-05) Hosna-Janeta, Martina
Financial statements contain information that reveals the health and current condition, and the future prospect of an organization. It is a medium of communication to users of the financial activities of the entity. Information is key to decision making. Therefore, financial statements containing the financial information of an entity are useful for economic decision making. For a financial statement to be of use to the users, it must be of the right quality and the users should have the requisite level of understanding of the statements. A decision that is based on quality information can bring about confidence, satisfaction, and commitment. Knowledge drives away doubt and fear to build confidence, satisfaction and commitment. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which entities within the Liberia field of the West African Union Mission of Seventh-day Adventists use information from financial statements in making financial decision, and the effect of the use and quality of the information, as well as the level of knowledge of the users on the effectiveness of decision-making. The study employed a cross-sectional causal research design to accomplish its purpose. The findings show that executive committees use financial statements but superficially, and that knowledge is of more impact on the decision-making effectiveness than quality. This study recommends that persons of knowledgeable financial background be purposefully part of the board to facilitate financial decision making.
The financial management practices of selected Seventh-day Adventist churches in Malanje Municipality, Angola: a basis for financial strategic plan
(Adventist University of Africa, School of Postgraduate Studies, 2020-09) Caculo, Isaaf Figueiredo Jeremias
Not long ago, financial management matters were considered secular matters, and the church was viewed as a sacred place, where only holy objects would be handled. Sound financial management is not only crucial for financial health but also for the spiritual health of the Church. Without financial resources, the mission of the church will be impeded. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to propose a strategy to be utilized by the local church administration in the Malanje Central district of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, Angola; and other governance bodies in managing financial resources effectively according to the universally accepted policies in the SDA Church. The study was conducted in the Central Malanje District, Angolan Province located in the North center of the Country. A cross-sectional descriptive research design was adopted for the study and the questionnaire was the main data collectiontool. In sum, 37 local treasurers and 252 others including pastors, elders, and other church members participated in the study. The major findings suggest that generally, the trend of giving in the Malanje central district of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the past two years from 2018- 2019 has been steady and increasing. The level of treasurers’ competencies according to the perceptions of the church members and the treasurers is high. In terms of church financial record keeping, budgetary control and financial reporting are high for both church members and local treasurers. However, there is more room for better management of the church finances in the Malenje District of SDA. Therefore, a plan of action is proposed to improve the financial management of the Malanje central District of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.
Challenges affecting the growth of Seventh-day Adventist healthcare institutions in North-East Congo Union Mission
(Adventist University of Africa, School of Postgraduate Studies, 2018-04) Habiyambere, Ngayaboshya Eraston
Healthcare service is one of the main methods of the Seventh-day Adventist Church to draw people to Jesus Christ as ultimate mission. To do so, a Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) health facility must effectively and efficiently deliver healthcare through its operations. However, the Adventist healthcare institutions in North-East Congo Union Mission (NECUM) are confronted with several challenges that have affected their performance over many years. The purpose of this study was to identify major challenges affecting the growth of healthcare and to find solutions that could minimize that challenges. Based on research questions, descriptive study was used for describing the Adventist Healthcare Institutions (AHCIs) state. Descriptive survey strategy has been useful for data collection, analyzing data, and reporting results. Questionnaire method was developed to be the major instrument for data collection, with a supported interview method. Sixty-three (63) questionnaires from respondents were received out of sixty-eight (68) distributed to participants.Findings from the study revealed that leadership, workforce, and financial factors are all sources of challenges affecting the progressive growth of the health facilities. These challenges can affect quality healthcare service which is part of the SDA identity and strategy for evangelism. As solutions, the church leadership and healthcare institution managers should work on these discovered challenges in order to turn the situation around.

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