Contextualizing mission strategy: Understanding jihad among the Kole people in Gouna, Cameroon, for effective evangelism

Abstract

This research investigated the contextual understanding of jihad among the Kole people in Gouna, Cameroon, with the goal of informing and enhancing Christian mission strategies that are both effective and culturally sensitive. In an era where misunderstandings of Islamic concepts often lead to tension and miscommunication, particularly in religiously pluralistic societies, it becomes imperative for Christian mission efforts to approach evangelism through informed, respectful, and contextually grounded methods. The term jihad is frequently misunderstood in global discourse, often being narrowly associated with violence or holy war. However, this study revealed that, within the Kole Muslim community, it is primarily perceived as a personal spiritual struggle, a commitment to moral integrity, communal harmony, and the pursuit of justice and peace. Employing a qualitative research design, the study utilized semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with local Muslims and Christian leaders, youth, and community members. The findings illuminated how the community's understanding of this concept is deeply intertwined with their socio-cultural realities, religious traditions, and historical experiences. These insights not only challenged prevalent stereotypes but also create space for interfaith cooperation and mutual learning. Drawing on models of contextual theology, the study proposed mission strategies that could engage the local people in ways that would affirm their dignity, values, and religious identity, while clearly presenting the Christian message of love, reconciliation, and salvation in Christ. By emphasizing relational evangelism, intercultural dialogue, and theological reflection rooted in the local context, this research contributes to a broader missiological discourse that seeks to reconcile faithfulness to the gospel with cultural relevance. The study concludes that understanding the indigenous interpretations of key religious concepts like this one is essential for building trust, reducing religious tension, and fostering a more effective and compassionate Christian witness in Muslim-majority settings like Gouna.