Women's leadership: a biblical and theological analysis of 1 Corinthians 14:34–35 and its pastoral implications for the South East Rwanda Field

Abstract

This qualitative action research examined the factors hindering women’s Leadership, basing on the Biblical and Theological Analysis of 1Corinthians 14:34-35, and its Pastoral Implication in South East Rwanda Field. Through interviews with nine participants, including women leaders, elders and pastors. The findings indicate that women’s leadership within the South East Rwanda Field (SERF) remains a minority presence, often characterized by both progress and persistent barriers. Five major barriers were identified: including self-limitation, theological interpretation of Scripture, cultural patriarchy and male gatekeeping, Underrepresentation and Restricted Roles, and institutional and structural barriers. These challenges reflect both organizational and social issues that limit women’s participation in leadership within the church. To address these challenges, a five-phased intervention program was implemented. The program included; contextual theological education, leadership empowerment programs for women, sensitization and awareness for male leaders, Community Engagement and ongoing monitoring and evaluation. The intervention significantly enhanced women engagement and leadership capacity, demonstrating that intentional full inclusion of women in leadership is both a biblical mandate and a missional necessity. A church that recognizes, affirms, and harnesses the diverse gifts of all its members irrespective of gender was better positioned to embody the gospel, strengthen its witness, and fulfill its divine commission of service, discipleship, and growth in South East Rwanda Field.